chile_nikon_mapuche_d300_curarrehue-312078

By Rosalie Mattiola, Traducido por William Giller

Este documento es un extracto de una tesis redactada en primavera 2017. Véase aquí para poder leer el documento entero y ver las fuentes.

Introducción

Mortalidad

Entre 1997 y 2013, Chile experimentó un cambio en la tasa de mortalidad de enfermedades consideradas “modernas” u “occidentales”, como el cáncer, la diabetes y enfermedades cardiovasculares. En las últimas dos décadas, se ha disparado el número de muertes causadas por enfermedades hipertensivas, arritmias cardíacas, arteriosclerosis, aneurismas y disección aórtica, y por los siguientes tipos de tumores malignos: colon, colon sigmoideo, recto, ano, hígado, páncreas, tráquea, bronquios, pulmón, cabeza y tejidos linfáticos. En los últimos 16 años, se ha duplicado con creces el número de muertes causadas por cáncer de colon, de colon sigmoideo, de recto, de ano, de páncreas, de tráquea, de bronquio, de pulmón y de cabeza. El número de muertes causadas por la hipertensión ascendió de 1.700 en 1997 a 4.574 en 2013. Además, el número de muertes causadas por arritmia cardíaca se ha triplicado con creces durante el mismo periodo (DIES-MINSAL Series Principales causas de muerte tasas según sexo Chile).

chile_nikon_mapuche_d300_curarrehue-312078

By Rosalie Mattiola

The following text is an excerpt from a research paper written in spring 2017. To read the full text and to see the sources used, click here

Introduction

Mortality

Between 1997 and 2013, Chile experienced a shift in mortality rates of diseases considered “modern” or “western” like cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The number of deaths caused by malignant tumors of the colon, sigmoid, rectum, anus, liver, pancreas, trachea, bronchus, lung, head, lymphatic tissues, hypertensive disease, cardiac arrhythmias, arteriosclerosis, aneurisms, and aortic dissections have dramatically increased in the last two decades. Within 16 years, the number of deaths from cancer of the colon, sigmoid, rectum, anus, pancreas, trachea, bronchus, lung, and head have more than doubled. Those caused by hypertension jumped from 1,700 in 1997 to 4,574 in 2013. Moreover, the number of deaths from cardiac arrhythmia more than tripled in this time (DIES-MINSAL Series Principales causas de muerte tasas según sexo Chile).

march-2855930_1280

By Alexia Rauen

The New York Times headline on October 19 read: “Body Found in Argentine River Shakes Up Election.” Al Jazeera stated on October 22: “Santiago Maldonado’s death overshadows elections.” “A missing-person case looms over Argentina’s midterm elections,” was The Economist headline on September 7. These headlines contextualize the discovery of Santiago Maldonado’s body in terms of national politics and fail to capture the indigenous struggle at the root of his disappearance. Maldonado was present at a mapuche indigenous protest on August 1 in the Patagonian region of Argentina when he disappeared. Cristina Kirchner, the former president of Argentina who has not been shy about her discontent with Mauricio Macri’s government, has used Maldonado’s disappearance as further criticism. Ultimately, the coalition of parties of incumbent Macri proved successful in the elections despite the discovery of Maldonado’s body, securing a significant political victory by dominating “the top five population centers of Buenos Aires City, and Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Santa Fe and Mendoza provinces.” While the international community and Argentine politicians have gravitated to Maldonado’s death as a political instrument in these elections, the death has struck a different chord among the Argentine population. Widespread protests demanding his reappearance in Argentine cities occurred, and with his death an investigation must now be held to determine the cause of death and possible involvement of law enforcement.